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Standing Wave Suppression for Transcranial Ultrasound by Random-Modulation
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Institution: |
Focused Ultrasound Laboratory, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02466, USA. sct@bwh.harvard.edu |
Publisher: |
IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society |
Publication Date: |
Jan-2010 |
Journal: |
IEEE Trans Biomed Eng |
Volume Number: |
57 |
Issue Number: |
1 |
Pages: |
203-205 |
Citation: |
IEEE Trans Biomed Eng. 2010 Jan;57(1):203-5. |
PubMed ID: |
19695991 |
PMCID: |
PMC2887681 |
Keywords: |
Random frequency modulation, standing-wave suppression, transcranial ultrasound |
Appears in Collections: |
NCIGT, FUS |
Sponsors: |
R01 EB003268 (EB) funded by NIBIB NIH HHS U41 RR019703 (RR) funded by NCRR NIH HHS |
Generated Citation: |
Tang S.C., Clement G.T. Standing Wave Suppression for Transcranial Ultrasound by Random-Modulation. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng. 2010 Jan;57(1):203-5. PMID: 19695991. PMCID: PMC2887681. |
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Low-frequency transcranial ultrasound (<1 MHz) is being investigated for a number of brain therapies, including stroke, tumor ablation, and localized opening of the blood–brain barrier. However, lower frequencies have been associated with the production of undesired standing waves and cavitation in the brain. Presently, we examine an approach to suppress standing waves during continuous-wave (CW) transcranial application. The investigation uses a small randomization in the frequency content of the signal for suppressing standing waves. The approach is studied in an ex-vivo human skull and a plastic-walled chamber, representing idealized conditions. The approach is compared to single-frequency CW operation as well as to a swept-frequency input. Acoustic field scans demonstrate that the swept-frequency method can suppress standing waves in the plastic chamber and skull by 3.4 and 1.6 times, respectively, compared to single-frequency CW excitation. With random modulation, standing waves were reduced by 5.6 and 2 times, respectively, in the plastic chamber and skull. It is expected that the process may play a critical role in providing a safer application of the ultrasound field in the brain and may have application in other areas where standing waves may be created.
Additional Material
1 File (123.988kB)
SCTang-IEEETBE2010-fig2.jpg (123.988kB)